An inventory study Oyster Mushroom strains from the PRI collection and strains collected on Java
Rapport / Report: 2005-18
Auteurs / Authors: Anton S.M. Sonnenberg, Patrick M. Hendrickx and Etty Sumiati
Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) represent one of the most popular mushroom species grown in Indonesia. There is a need for strains that are better adapted to the climate conditions at Java, where most mushrooms in Indonesia are produced. Strains that can produce mushrooms at 22 to 28oC and have a good yield and quality would improve the profit of mushroom growers substantially. In order to find strains that can be used for Indonesian growing conditions a large number of available strains were genetically examined. Two sources were used in this study:
- A collection of strains commercially used in Indonesia. These strains are collected by Dr Etty Sumiati from farmers and institutes at Java.
- The collection of fungal strains present at PRI, The Netherlands. This collection contains a substantial number of strains representing the genus
Pleurotus. Most of these strains have not been genotyped or evaluated for the production of fruiting bodies.
Unfortunately, no strains were obtained from natural environment in Indonesia. Most strains sent by Etty Sumiati appeared to be infected at arrival at PRI. We have identified the species type of the strains representing the genus Pleurotus by ITS-RFLP in order to identify unambiguously the species P. ostreatus (common oyster mushroom). Next, all P. ostreatus strains were genotyped by ISSR to examine the genetic variation between strains. It appeared that the PRI collection contains 167 P. ostreatus strains representing 68 different genotypes. The 24 strains collected from Indonesia represent 7 different genotypes but more than 50% is represented by one variety. This variety, i.e. type florida, originate from wild (Florida, USA) and can be grown at higher temperatures. It lacks, however, the yield and quality present in most strains used in Europe and the USA.
Based on the genetic data and data on the origin of strains a selection of 40 strains was made that will be tested in 2 parallel cells (16 and 22oC). In this way we can see what the influence of temperature will be on quality and yield and what strains are suited for the Indonesian growing conditions.
Financier / Financer: Ministerie van LNV